MARTYRED CATHOLIC POPES
A significant number of these popes have been recognized as saints, including 48 out of the first 50 consecutive popes, and others are in the sainthood process. The first 31 popes, with the exception of Zephyrinus, died as martyrs.
- Saint Peter (67), traditionally martyred by crucifixion
- Pope Linus (Saint) (67-76)
- Pope Anacletus or Cletus (Saint) (79-92)
- Pope Clement I (Saint) (92-99), thrown into sea with anchor around his neck
- Pope Evaristus (99-108); not listed in the Roman Martyrology
- Pope Alexander I (Saint) (106-119); recognition as the martyred Saint Alexander (feast day May 3) rescinded in 1960
- Pope Sixtus I (Saint) (119-128)
- Pope Telesphorus (Saint) (128-138)
- Pope Hyginus (Saint) (138-142); martyrdom dubious
- Pope Pius I (Saint) (142-154), martyred by the sword; claim of martyrdom removed from the 1969 General Roman Calendar
- Pope Anicetus (Saint) (155-166), traditionally martyred.
- Pope Soter (Saint) (166-175), died a martyr
- Pope Eleuterus (Saint) (175-189), died a martyr
- Pope Victor I (Saint) 189-199, died a martyr
- Pope Calixtus I (Saint) (217-222), died a martyr
- Pope Urban I (Saint) 222-230, died a martyr
- Pope Pontian (Saint) 230-235, condemned to mines in Sardinia and died on island of Tavolara
- Pope Anterus (Saint) Elected 235-12-21, martyred at hands of Emperor Maximus
- Pope Fabian (Saint) Elected 236-1-10 and died a martyr 250-1-20 during persecution by Decius
- Pope Cornelius (Saint) (Elected March 251 and died a martyr June 253).
- Pope Lucius I (Saint) Elected 253-6-25 and martyred 254-3-5.
- Pope Stephen I (Saint) Elected 254-5-12 and martyred 257-8-2.
- Pope Sixtus II (Saint) Elected 257-8-30 and martyred 258-8-6.
- Pope Dionysius (Saint) Elected 259-7-22 after year of persecutions and died 268-12-26, martyred
- Pope Felix I (Saint) Elected 269-1-5 and died 274-12-30, martyred
- Pope Eutychian (Saint) Elected 275-1-4 and martyred 283-12-7.
- Pope Caius (Saint) Elected 283-12-17 and martyred 296-4-22, but not at hands of his uncle, Diocletian
- Pope Marcellinus (Saint) Elected 296-6-30 and martyred 304-10-25 during persecution of Diocletian
- Pope Marcellus I (Saint) Elected 308-5-27 after 4-year vacancy and martyred 309-1-16.
- Pope Eusebius (Saint) Elected 309-4-18 and martyred in Sicily 309-8-17.
- Pope Martin I (Saint) Elected in 649. Died in exile 655-9-16
- Pope John VIII (872–882): Allegedly poisoned and then clubbed to death
- Pope Stephen VI (896–897): Strangled
- Pope Benedict VI (973–974): Strangled
- Pope Leo V (903): Allegedly strangled
- Pope John X (914–928): Allegedly smothered with pillow
- Pope XIV (983–984): Either by starvation, ill-treatment or direct murder
- Pope Celestine V (1294, died 1296): Held captive and allegedly murdered after his abdication, by order of his successor, Pope Boniface VIII
- Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303): Death possibly (though unlikely) from the effects of ill-treatment one month before
- Pope John Paul I (1978): Death 33 days after Papal election led to conspiracy theories
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